One advantage of correspondence theory is how well it fits with common sense. Nevertheless, there might be instances where a belief that produces successful practical results is untrue. The pragmatic theory has been criticized for tending to relativism, according to which what is valid for one person may not be accurate for another, depending on their practical considerations. According to this perspective, usefulness, not correspondence or coherence, determines what is true. If a belief produces fruitful practical results, it is true. William James developed the pragmatic theory of truth in the mid-19th century. One criticism of the correspondence theory is that it presumes a simple and direct relationship between a statement and reality, even though some contend that our understanding of reality is filtered by the language we use and the concepts we adopt.Īccording to the pragmatic view of truth, a belief or proposition’s truth is determined by the practical repercussions of adopting or rejecting it (Gazda, 2021). This viewpoint is frequently linked to the concept of impartial truth. In this perspective, the emphasis is on how accurately a statement captures reality. If a statement matches the facts or reality it refers to, it is true. Brand Blanshard established it in the 20th century. The idea, which asserts that truth is founded on the agreement or correspondence between a belief and reality, was also developed by Bertrand Russell and Alfred Tarski. Aristotle’s views were the foundation for the correspondence theory of truth, later refined by Aquinas, Descartes, Spinoza, Locke, and Kant. Furthermore, it is still being determined how one may judge which collection of contradictory coherent ideas is true because there may be numerous sets of them.Īccording to the correspondence theory of truth, a proposition’s relationship to how the world works determines whether or not it is true (Gazda, 2021). The coherence theory of truth has been criticized for allowing for closed systems of beliefs, where a group of people can uphold their ideas regardless of reality. This viewpoint places more importance on a group of ideas’ overall coherence or consistency than on how closely those beliefs correspond to reality. A claim is, therefore, valid if it accords with other claims and makes sense in the context of a wider body of knowledge. According to this idea, a statement’s reality depends on how it interacts with other beliefs in a system or network. It was established by Brand Blanshard in the 20th century (Gazda, 2021). Comprehensive explanations of the coherence, correspondence, and pragmatic theories of truth.Īccording to the coherence theory of truth, a claim is valid if it forms a part of a coherent and consistent body of beliefs. Ultimately, this essay will express a personal viewpoint on which theory or set of theories offers the most convincing explanation of truth and will support this viewpoint. Each theory’s ramifications in many areas, such as science, ethics, or daily life, will also be examined along with pertinent examples. Is it correct to believe that truth must function, be helpful to people, and aid in achieving outcomes that make people happy? Is it conceivable for the truth to be some agreement between a belief and a fact of actual life? Is it also feasible for the truth to cohere with other truths? This essay aims to clearly understand each theory of truth, its advantages and disadvantages, and how it approaches the essence of truth and its place in human knowledge. Recognizing the substance of truth and its significance for individuals has been a long-standing challenge. It is common to hear the statement, “Everyone has their own truth.” Individuals are free to select a religion, customs, and culture and create truths that suit their choices.
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